Self-seating valve for internal-combustion engines



Patented June 2, 1925.

UNITED STATES HERMAN E. NE'ITE, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

SELF SEATI NG VALVE FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES,

Application filed August 2, 1924. Serial No. 729,747.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, HERMAN E. Nn'rrn,

a citizen of the'United States,residing at Chicago, in the county ofCook and State of Illinois, have invented certain new and use fulImprovements in Self-Seating Valves for Internal-Combustion Engines, ofwhich the following is a specification, reference being had to theaccompanying drawings.

This invention relates to poppet valves such as are used in internalcombustion engines, and the general object of the invention is toprovide a valve which may be used either as the intake or exhaust valveof such engines and which will act to grind its own seat, that is avalve which will be automatically rotated so that thus new surfaces'willbe presented each time thatthe valve comes to its seat.

A further object is to provide a construction of this character in whichthe valve is provided with wings both upon its upper and lower surface,these wings being so formed that the head of the valve will rotate uponthe stem and with reference thereto.

A still further object is to providemeans for eliminating any rattlingof the loose valve head when the valve comes back to its seat.

Another object is to provide a valve con struction of this characterwhich is such that it will assure a smooth rotation without muchwabbling and at the same time will allow ample freedom for the valvehead to find its seat automatically.

Still another object is to provide a valve having a loose valve headwhich will properly re-seat even though the valve stem be warped, and inwhich rotary motion at all times is assured, which rotary motion of thevalve head smooths and cleans the tapered contacting edges of the valveand seat, thus securing a more perfect combustion with no backfiring andreducing carbonizing to a minimum.

Other objects will appear in the course of the following description.

My invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein Figure1 isan elevation of a valve for internal combustion engines constructedin accordance with my invention;

Figure 2 is a transverse sectional view through the valve;

Figure 3 is atop plan view of the valve; Figure 4 is a section on theline 414 of Figure 2. 1

Referring to these drawings, it will be seen that 10 designates a valvestem having at its inner end an enlarged circular head 11 r and beingformed with a longitudinally extending bore 12. At a this stem justbeneath the head is longltudiplurality of points nally grooved, as at13. Mounted upon this stem is the valve head prope 14 which has thebeveled peripheral face 15 adapted to contact with the valve seat, thisvalve head being formed with an upstanding annular hub 16 on its top anda hub 16 on its bottom.

v The valve head 14 is recessed at 17, the recess extending down nearlyto the lower face of the valve head 14,and the head 11 of the valve stemfits within this recess. The

shank 10 of the valve stem fits within the' bore or recess 18 of thevalve head and has a clearance of about 1 A plug 19 is disposed in theupper end of the countersink or recess 17 and there is a space of aboutleft between the lower face of this plug and the upper face ofthe head11-just enough so as to permitthe valve headto have free rotation on thestem and also permit the valve head to have limited longitudinalmovement relative to the stem. The upper face of thevalve head is formedwith a plurality of wings or vanes 20 which are tangential to theannular wall of the recess 17 and the under face of the valve is alsoprovided with vanes 21 of the same character as the vanes 20; The valvemay, as before remarked, be theintake valve of the motor or the exhaustvalve thereof and the beveled face 15 fits against the seat 22 ofthevalve D5 casing. p

Disposed within the bore 12 and in a like bore 23 formed in the plug 19is a coiled compression spring 25, which at its ends is engaged with andbears against two pointed or tapering heads 26 which engage the taperedor pointed ends of the bores12 and 23. This spring is intended toprevent any rattling of the loose valve head when the valve comes backto its seat and assures a depending annular smooth rotation of the valvehead without wabbling and at the same time allows plenty of freedom forthe valve head to find its proper seat automatically.

While I have designed this valve with particular reference to its use oninternal combustion engines and regard it as particularly valuable forthis purpose, I do not wish to be'limited thereto as it is obvious thatthe valve might be used in other situations.

In the operation of this valve where it is used either as an intake orexhaust valve, the passage of the motive fluid around the valve upon theopening thereof, due tothe suction of the engine or to the exhaust .ofthe engine, causes the valve head to rotate, the stem being free fromrotation because of the clearance, and this causes the valve to reseatin a new position each time that it closes. Furthermore, there will be aslight rotation of thevalve just after it reaches its sea-t, which willkeep the seat 22 clean and clear from carbon and other foreignaccumulation and will keep the bevelededge clean and free fromaccumulations. This act of seating the valve and the cleaning of theseat and edge-l5 tends to secure more perfect combustion,preventsbackfiring, secures economy in gas consumption, and reducescarbonization to a minimum. It will be seenthat this valveis cheaplyconstructed and may be very readily installed.

The bore 12 in the stem tends to prevent warping of the stem as thisbore passes through the larger part where the stem usually warps.v Thegrooves 13 are lubricating grooves and are particularly advantageous inorder to secure free motion. The valve head has the fins or vanes 20 and21 on the top and bottom, the top vanes being provided for favoring anearly start of the rotation' by the exhaust. The tangential arrangementof the fins or blades assures rotation, nomatter from which angle thegas strikes the valve head. At the same time these fins or blades act tostrengthen the valve head, thus making the valve head incapable ofwarping. The valve may be cast or drop forged 11 one piece or the finscan be otherwise attached. I

It-will be understood, of course, that the plug 19 is to have a drivingor press fit within the VtlfilVQ head 16 and that there is suflici'entclearance between the head 11 and the plug 19 as will permit freemovement of the stem 10.

1'. A valve for internal combustion engines having a head and a stem,the head having limited longitudinal movement on: the stem, and a springurging the head in a direction away from the stem. 7

' 2. A valve for internal combustion engines having a head and a stem,the head being mounted upon the stem for limited longiupon the headtudinal movement and for rotation around the stem, and resilient meansyieldingly urging the head in a direction away from the stem.

' 3. A valve of the character described comprising a stem and a headmounted thereon for rotation, the head having vanes whereby the passageof fluid past the head will cause a rotation of the head, the head andstem being formed with opposed bores, a compression spring disposed insaid bores, and pointed heads bearing against the ends of the bores andagainst which the compression spring bears. I

l. A valve of the character described comprising a head and a stem, thehead being rotatable upon the stem and the stem being providedwithlongitudinally extending oil grooves extending into the head, theupper and lower faces of the head being provided with vanes tangentialto a circle concentric to the axis of the head and stem. I

5; A valve for internal combustion engines comprising a stem, formed atone end with an integral head, the stem'b eing longitudina-lly bored atthe headed end, a valve head formed with a countersunk recess on oneface and a bore extending inward from the other 1 face and communicatingwith the countersunk recess, the stem loosely fitting within the boreand the head of the stem loosely fittingwithin the countersunk recess, aplug fitting within the countersink of the valveheadand opposed to thehead on the stem, the plug being longitudinally bored, a spring disposedin the bore of the plug and of the stem and having terminal membersrotatably engaging the end walls oi the two bores, the valve beingprovided with tangentially extending vanes on its upper and lowersurfaces.

6. A valve for internal combustion engines comprisinga stein formed withahead at one end, a valve proper, one face of the valve, having alongitudinally extending recess and the other face of the valve hav inga bore opening into said recess and fitting the stem, the recess fittingthe head and the stem being disposed with the head within the recess, aplug disposed within the recess and having its inner face spaced fromthe inner face of the head whereby to permit limited longitudinalmovement of the valve of the stem, the adjacent ends of the stem andplug being longitudinally bored, and a spring disposed within said boresand urging the valve in a direction away from the head,

7. A valve for internal combustion engines having a head and a stem, thehead being mounted upon the stem forrotation therearound and for limitedlongitudinal movement, means yield-ingly urging the head in a directionaway from the stem, and vanes mounted upon the head and adapted to causethe rotation of the head relative to the stem when fluid flows past thehead;

8. A valve for internal combustion engines having a head, the headhaving a longitudinally extending bore, and a countersink into which thebore opens, a stem formed with a head, the stem being disposed throughthe bore and the head being disposed in the countersink in the valvehead, a plug disposed in said countersink, the inner face of the plugbeing spaced from the adjacent face of the stem head, and resilientmeans urging the valve head away from the stem. In testnnony whereof Ihereunto aflix my signature.

HERMAN E. NETTE.

